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MSE Supplies is the industry-leading source for sputtering targets. Our vast selection includes high-purity metal, high-purity alloy and ceramic targets. We also produce sputtering targets customized by chemistry, geometry and size to meet your specifications. We also provide SPS equipment for sputtering target manufacturing. Request a custom quote today or shop by chemical composition here .
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A sputtering target, used in thin film deposition techniques, especially in sputtering, represents the source material that contributes to forming a thin film when deposited onto a substrate. Manufacturers can create these targets from various materials, including metals, alloys and ceramics. The industry commonly employs gold sputtering targets due to their exceptional conductivity and biocompatibility. Processes like semiconductor fabrication, solar cell production and various coating applications rely on sputtering targets as essential components.
Sputtering targets are essential in varied sectors, from everyday electronics to advanced medical equipment. They're critical in fabricating integrated circuits for smartphones and computers. In the renewable energy sector, companies use sputtering targets to produce thin-film solar cells, enhancing efficiency and cost-effectiveness. The medical industry also benefits, particularly with the gold sputtering target, which aids in creating biocompatible coatings for medical devices. Finally, they play a pivotal role in crafting magnetic storage media, decorative coatings and anti-reflective layers in optics.
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Market summary
Chromite, or iron chromium oxide (FeCr2O4), is the mineral source of chromium. In its purest form, chromite comprises chromium (Cr2O3) at 68% and iron oxide (FeO) at 32%.High-purity chromite deposits are rare, due to the natural replacement of chromium and ferrous iron by other elements.The majority of the world’s identified economic chromite reserves are located in southern Africa (South Africa and Zimbabwe), Turkey, Kazakhstan, Oman, India and the Philippines.Most deposits contain a range of chromite grades, including:Global chromite production was estimated to be 41 million tonnes in 2021, according to the US Geological Survey (USGS), while global reserves of chromite are thought to exceed 12 billion tonnes.Most chromite is consumed in the production of ferro-chrome (of which 12.7 million tonnes was manufactured globally in 2020, according to the USGS).Ferro-chrome is used to make steel alloys, and mainly stainless steel (75%), of which 56.3 million tonnes was produced in 2021, according to the International Stainless Steel Forum. It is also used in engineering and alloy steels (20%) and other steels (5%).Chromite is also used directly in industrial foundry sands and refractory applications, and is converted into sodium dichromate for refinement into other chemicals and chromium metal.Early in 2022, sources in the foundry and chemical grade chromite markets said prices should have been on the way up, based on the spike in both demand and prices seen in the metallurgical market, but were slow to respond. However, in light of ongoing logistical challenges in South Africa, alongside Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, which led to rising global oil prices, chromite prices have since begun to catch up.South Africa is the world’s leading chromite producer, mining 18 million tonnes in 2021, according to the USGS.Most of South Africa’s chromite mines are located in the northeast of the country, in Mpumalanga Province and Northwest Province, tapping reserves that form part of the Bushveld Igneous Complex.The second largest producers in 2021 were Turkey and Kazakhstan, at 7 million tonnes each, followed by India at 3 million tonnes, and Finland at 2.3 million tonnes. Remaining producing countries mined a combined total of 4.1 million tonnes.Global chromite production has almost doubled in the past decade, largely driven by capacity expansions in South Africa and Zimbabwe, as well as mines (re)opening in places such as North America, in response to price spikes in 2016/17 and rising demand for ferro-chrome and stainless steel.Demand in non-metallurgical chromite markets has been weak to flat for much of the last decade, with requirements largely covered by long-term contracts. Consumption in these markets has been either steady or slowing down, while production has increased.
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