In May 2019, 187 countries decided to significantly restrict international trade in plastic scrap (recyclables) and waste to help address the improper disposal of plastic waste and reduce its leakage into the environment. As a result of these changes, transboundary shipments of most plastic scrap and waste are controlled, or regulated, for the first time under a treaty called the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal, effective January 1, 2021. Moving forward, international shipments of most plastic scrap and waste are allowed only with the prior written consent of the importing country and any transit countries.
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The Basel Convention plastic scrap and waste amendments dramatically change the way international shipments of plastic recyclables are controlled under the Convention. The new Basel provisions move most plastic scrap from one category – reserved for material that could generally be traded freely – to two new categories subject to Basel Convention requirements and one new category that are not subject to Basel Convention requirements. The first new category covers shipments of most non-hazardous plastic scrap and waste – this includes shipments that are contaminated (e.g., with food residue and/or other non-hazardous waste that could impede recycling), mixed with other scrap or waste, and shipments of most mixed plastic scrap. The second new category covers plastic waste classified as hazardous waste under the Basel Convention. Basel Party countries exporting plastic scrap and waste covered by either of these two new categories (Read Frequent Question #3) must obtain the importing country's agreement in writing to accept such exports before allowing the shipments to depart the country, a procedure known as prior notice and consent. Additional Basel controls also apply (Read Frequent Question #13). Exports of plastic scrap that meet a very narrow and strict set of criteria are not subject to Basel Convention controls; this third category of material is not subject to prior notice and consent and generally includes plastic scrap that is pre-sorted, clean, uncontaminated, and destined for recycling in an environmentally sound manner (Read Frequent Question #4).
While the United States is not a Party to the Basel Convention, 187 countries and the European Commission are Party. The new Basel provisions will have significant impacts on exports and imports of U.S. plastic recyclables because many U.S. trading partners will implement the Basel plastic scrap and waste amendments. Because of a longstanding provision under the Basel Convention that prohibits trade between countries that have ratified the Convention (i.e., Parties) and non-Party countries, Basel Parties are not able to trade Basel-controlled plastic scrap and waste with the United States absent a separate bilateral or multilateral agreement that meets certain Basel Convention criteria. While the United States has one such agreement that addresses trade in non-hazardous plastic scrap with member countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), much uncertainty remains about what requirements OECD countries will impose on such trade. In some cases, OECD countries may not allow trade in non-hazardous plastic scrap with the United States under the terms of the existing OECD agreement.
In the United States, U.S. exports and imports of non-hazardous waste, including non-hazardous plastic scrap and waste, are not subject to export and import requirements under the U.S. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), the U.S. waste management law, and its implementing regulations. However, U.S. exports and imports of non-hazardous plastic scrap and waste are subject to applicable laws and regulations in the country or countries that control the waste, as well as any applicable international agreement, such as the Basel Convention. As described above, many countries will apply Basel Convention requirements to transboundary movements of this material.
While most plastic scrap and waste is not considered hazardous waste under RCRA, U.S. shipments of waste regulated as hazardous waste (including hazardous plastic waste) under RCRA are subject to RCRA hazardous waste export and import requirements, applicable foreign laws and regulations, as well as any applicable international agreement, such as the Basel Convention. EPA prepared the set of answers to frequently asked questions below to help facilitate compliance with the new international requirements for transboundary movements of plastic scrap and waste.
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Yes, however, the challenge is to NOT combine PVC with other plastic types, or other materials in the waste management process.
PVC is easily recyclable and can be recycled several times without losing its technical properties. Each year around 800.000 tonnes of PVC waste are collected and recycled in Europe through VinylPlus®, the European PVC industry’s voluntary commitment to sustainable development. Primo is a founding member of WUPPI A/S, the Danish collection and recycling system for rigid PVC building products. WUPPI is part of VinylPlus.
The challenge is to sort out the PVC for recycling at end-of-life/post-consumer. Pure PVC can and should be collected and ground for recycling. To recycle PVC where the content is known and uniform is a relatively straightforward process and something we do every day at Primo. All our facilities have inhouse machines for re-grinding both scrap directly from our production and recycled materials from our customers. This is called recycling of production waste.
Post-consumer recycled PVC might have a slight color deviation from the original product. This problem can be handled by adding an outer layer of virgin PVC. This is for instance done in window profile and pipe recycling.
The recycled PVC might have a slight color deviation from the original product. This problem can be handled by adding new PVC. Many customers do accept the color deviation since the products can be marketed as recycled.
Learn more about how PVC plastic is recycled.
If you are looking for more details, kindly visit pet plastic recycling supplier HongKong.