Choice Of Crane Rail Wheels

Crane rail wheels are essential components of overhead cranes, gantry cranes, and other rail-mounted material handling equipment. When choosing crane rail wheels, there are several factors to consider to ensure the proper functioning and longevity of the equipment.

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Here are some key factors to take into account:

• Wheel material: Crane rail wheels are typically made of cast or forged steel, with forged steel generally offering better durability and resistance to wear. Some popular steel grades include AAR M-107, AAR M-208, and AAR M-201, each with different properties and suited for different applications.
• Wheel diameter: The diameter of the rail wheel affects the load capacity and wear resistance of the crane. Larger diameter wheels distribute the load more evenly, resulting in reduced wear and increased service life. Choose a wheel diameter suitable for the crane's capacity and the desired service life.
• Wheel flange design: The wheel flange design is critical for maintaining proper alignment and preventing derailment. There are two main types of flange designs &#; single flange and double flange. Single flange wheels are used when a guide rail is present, while double flange wheels are used for better guidance on the track.
• Wheel tread profile: The wheel tread profile determines the contact area between the wheel and the rail. A larger contact area reduces the pressure on the rail, which in turn reduces wear. Tread profiles can be flat, conical, or dual-radius, depending on the application and rail type.
• Wheel hardness: The hardness of the wheel material directly impacts wear resistance and service life. A harder wheel will generally last longer but may also result in increased rail wear. A balance between wheel and rail hardness is essential to minimize overall maintenance costs.
• Bearing type: The bearings used in crane rail wheels can be either plain or roller bearings. Roller bearings provide lower friction and longer service life but may be more expensive. Plain bearings, on the other hand, are more cost-effective but may require more frequent maintenance.
• Lubrication: Proper lubrication is essential for reducing wear and increasing the service life of crane rail wheels. Ensure that the chosen wheels have adequate provisions for lubrication, and follow the manufacturer's recommendations for lubricant type and maintenance intervals.
• Manufacturer's reputation: Choose crane rail wheels from a reputable manufacturer with a track record of producing high-quality, reliable products. This will help ensure that you receive well-engineered components that will perform well in your specific application.

Considering these factors will help you select the appropriate crane rail wheels for your material handling equipment, resulting in increased efficiency, reduced maintenance costs, and an extended service life.

The following is an excerpt from a technical reference document, provided for your information. If you are interested in learning more, you may download the complete PDF. also you can view our crane wheel product, If you require direct advice or a quotation, please contact us to obtain the information you need, our experts are ready to help you with any questions you may have and can offer customized recommendations and pricing details based on your unique requirements.

In order to choose a crane rail wheel, its diameter is determined by considering :

-the load on the wheel

-the quality of the metal from which it is made

-the type of rail on which it runs

-the speed of rotation of the wheel

-the group classification of the mechanism

4.2.4.1. Crane rail wheel size

To determine the size of a crane rail wheel, the following checks must be made :

-that it is capable of withstanding the maximum load to which it will be subjected, and

-that it will allow the appliance to perform its normal duty without abnormal wear.

The two requirements are checked by means of the following two formulae :

Pmean III &#; PL . C1max . C2max < 1,38 . PL &#; 1,4 PL

Taking C1max=1.2 and C2max=1.15

and Pmean I,II / (b.D) &#;  PL.C1.C2

(Note: For the meaning of the characters and the calculation method of each data&#;Such as "PL""C1""C2"), please refer to the attachment &#;)

4.2.4.2. Notes

Note 1 :  The formulae apply only to wheels whose diameters do not exceed 1,25 m. For larger diameters experience shows that the permissible pressures between the rail and the wheel must be  lowered. The use of wheels of greater diameter is not recommended.

Note 2:  It should be noted that the limiting pressure PL is a notional pressure determined by supposing  that contact between the wheel and the rail takes place over a surface whose width is the useful width defined earlier (clause 4.2.4.1.2.) and whose length is the diameter of the wheel. The  method of calculating set out above is derived from application of the HERTZ formula, which may be written :

σcg2 / ( 0,35 . E ) = P / ( b . D )

where:

σcg2  is the compressive stress in the wheel and the rail in N/mm2

E the modulus of elasticity of the metal in N/mm2

P the wheel load in N

b and D in mm, being as defined above (clause 4.2.4.1.).

Taking KL to represent the value σ2cg/(0.35.E) which has the dimension of a pressure in N/mm2 , the relation may be written :

KL=P/(b.D)

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and characterizes the wheel pressure on the rail. The formula of clause 4.2.4.1. is obtained by putting :

KL=PL.c1.c2

Cranes are indispensable pieces of equipment in industry and construction, they are used to move and lift heavy loads and therefore require a high level of precision and quality standards in their design and installation. Crane rails are a key component in supporting the travel of cranes, and they must meet a range of standards and specifications to ensure the safety, stability and efficiency of the equipment.

Definition of crane rail

A crane rail is a linear structure used to support and guide a crane's travel, usually made of high-strength steel with a specific geometry. It allows the crane to move horizontally within the work area for precise load handling and position control.

Crane rail material

Crane rails are usually made of high-strength steel to ensure durability and load capacity. Common steel materials include carbon and alloy steels. These materials need to meet specific chemical composition, mechanical properties and heat treatment standards to ensure their suitability for heavy industrial applications.

Crane rail classification

QU70 :

• Parameters: The "QU" in the name of the QU70 rail stands for track and the number "70" indicates the mass of the rail, usually expressed in kilograms per meter (kg/m).
• Dimensions: QU70 rails are larger in size, with a wider base and higher side heights.
• Width of base: usually around 70 mm (2.75 inches).
• Side Height: Usually around 120 mm (4.7 inches).
• Applicable crane types: QU70 rails are suitable for medium-sized cranes, such as bridge cranes and gantry cranes.

QU80 :

• Parameters: QU80 rails are similar to QU70 rails, but with greater mass.
• Dimensions: QU80 rails have a higher mass and usually also a larger base width and side height.
• Base width: Usually around 80 mm (3.15 inches).
• Side Height: Typically around 130mm (5.1 inches).
• Applicable crane types: QU80 rails are suitable for medium and heavy cranes, such as bridge cranes and large gantry cranes.

QU100 :

• Parameters: The "QU" in the name of QU100 rails stands for the rail, while the number "100" indicates the mass of the rail, usually expressed in kilograms per meter (kg/m).
• Size: QU100 rails usually have a higher mass and larger dimensions.
• Width at base: usually around 100 mm (3.94 inches).
• Side Height: Usually around 150mm (5.9 inches).
• Applicable crane types: QU100 rails are suitable for large and heavy cranes, such as harbor cranes.

QU120 :

• Parameters: The QU120 rail is an extra heavy duty rail with a very large mass.
• Dimensions: The QU120 rail has a very large base width and side height.
• Base width: usually around 120 mm (4.7 inches).
• Side Height: Usually around 170 mm (6.7 inches).
• Applicable Crane Types: QU120 rails are typically used for large harbor cranes, mining cranes, and other crane applications where extreme loads are required.

Crane rail standard and allowable deviation

The fixed length of steel rail is 9m, 9.5m, 10m, 10.5m, 11m, 11.5m, 12m, 12.5m, and the length of short gauge rail is 6m~8.9m(advanced by 100mm).

The quantity of short gauge rail is negotiated between the supply and demand sides and indicated in the contract, but it should not be more than 10% of the total weight of one batch of order.

Allowable deviation of rail size should be in accordance with the table.

Allowable deviation of straightness and torsion

The permissible deviation of straightness and torsion of rails should be in accordance with the table.

Delivery weight

Rails are generally delivered according to theoretical weight. After negotiation between supply and demand parties and stated in the contract, it can also be delivered according to the actual weight. The density of steel is calculated according to 7.85g/cm2. Theoretical weight and calculation data of rails are shown in the table.

Purchasing Precautions

Contents of order

The contract or order for ordering according to this standard shall include the following contents:

1. This standard number;
2. Product name;
3. Model number;
4. Grade number;
5. Quantity, length (fixed-foot, non-fixed-foot);
6. Special requirements.

Packaging, marking and quality certification

Marking:On the rail waist on one side of each rail, the following clear, raised signs should be rolled out at every 4m interval, with a character height of 20mm~28mm and a raised height of 0.5mm~1.5mm:

1. Manufacturer's mark;
2. Model number;
3. Brand number;
4. Manufacturing year (two digits at the end of the rolling year), month.

On the rail waist of each rail, not less than 0.6m from the end of the rail, at intervals of not more than 6m, the use of hot embossing machine embossed with a clear furnace number mark.

If the hot-embossed furnace number marking is missed or misprinted, it shall be hot-embossed or sprayed again on the rail waist.

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